|
Pet First Aid Basics

Preparing for a medical emergency involving your pet is always best
accomplished before the event takes place. This series is designed to
help guide you through the important decisions about first aid, as well
as how and when to transport your pet quickly and safely to a veterinary
hospital or emergency facility.
This page is an emergency
preparedness ready-reference for dogs and cats. Wise preventive
measures, intelligent use of first aid principles, coupled with
recognition of abnormal symptoms and treatment of disorders, diseases,
and problems, lead to effective health care.
A working knowledge
of this information will help you eliminate some potentially dangerous
circumstances and help you prepare for emergency situations.
It includes information on what to do and what not to do in specific emergency situations.
We encourage careful reading and occasional rereading. We have
tried to make this site easy to understand, avoiding technical terms as
often as possible, but defining them in context when they are necessary.
CLICK ON THE UNDERLINED SUBJECT FOR DETAILED INFORMATION:  
|
|
|
A localized accumulation of pus, usually caused by an infection introduced from an animal bite or other penetrating wound. |
|
|
|
We use bandages for several reasons: to
protect wounds from the environment, protect the environment from
wounds, and to discourage the pet from licking or irritating a wound. |
|
|
|
Any insect sting or spider bite can cause problems for your pet. |
|
|
|
Learn how to stop bleeding in an emergency. |
|
|
|
Bloat is a life-threatening condition in which the stomach fills with air or twists upon itself. |
|
|
|
A burn is any injury of tissue caused
by heat, flame, chemicals, or electricity. Burn classification
determines the severity of the wound based on the depth of the tissue
injury. |
|
|
|
CPCR (formerly referred to as CPR) is
the treatment required to save an animal or human life when suffering
cardiopulmonary arrest. |
|
|
|
Injury to tissue caused by contact with harmful chemicals such as lye, acids, and strong cleaning supplies. |
|
|
|
Choking is interference with breathing caused by foreign material in, or compression on, the trachea (windpipe). |
|
|
|
Excess loss of water from the body or inappropriate intake of water into the body. |
|
|
|
Diarrhea is the frequent evacuation of watery stools. Vomiting is the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth. |
|
|
|
If the contractions are frequent,
regular, and strong, and no young is produced in 15 to 30 minutes, the
pet should be taken to a veterinarian. |
|
|
|
Suffocation caused by the filling of the lungs with water or other fluid. What to do? |
|
|
|
It is imperative that you do not touch
the pet until the electrical source has been turned off or moved.
Electricity can flow through your pet and affect you as well. |
|
|
|
Seek veterinary attention immediately as signs can indicate potentially serious eye problems that can risk your pet?s vision. |
|
|
|
Fainting and dizziness may be associated with anything from low blood sugar to severe heart disease. |
|
|
|
Fever is the elevation of body temperature in response to infection or inflammation. |
|
|
|
Fracture: a break or crack in a bone. Learn about the different types of fractures and what to do. |
|
|
|
The elevation of body temperature above
normal. It is sometimes indicative of a fever, but it can also be
associated with severe conditions such as heat stroke or heat
prostration. |
|
|
|
When a pet's body temperature dips below 100.5 degrees, the pet is too cold and must be warmed. |
|
|
|
Dogs frequently carry sticks in their mouths and suffer impalements when an end of the stick jams into the ground. |
|
|
|
If the nose is bleeding profusely and/or the bleeding lasts more than 5 minutes, seek veterinary attention. |
|
|
|
It is extremely important to immobilize the spine of a suddenly paralyzed pet before and during transportation. |
|
|
|
To identify an illness or abnormal situation, you must first be able to recognize what is normal for your pet. |
|
|
|
Try to get in touch with a veterinarian
or a poison control center and follow their instructions. It's
important to know which substances you should induce vomiting, and which
ones you shouldn't. |
|
|
|
What can you do to prevent a crisis? |
|
|
|
Seizure activity that lasts longer than
3 to 5 minutes can cause severe side effects, such as fluid in the
lungs (pulmonary edema) or brain (cerebral edema). A dramatic rise in
body temperature (hyperthermia) can also result, causing internal organ
damage. |
|
|
|
The term shock can mean different
things to different people, and medical professionals still debate the
true meaning of the word. Regardless of cause, shock is
life-threatening and requires immediate attention and treatment. |
|
|
|
When your pet is "struck" by a snake, it is best to assume it is a poisonous bite. |
|
|
|
Straining is a frequent and sometimes exaggerated effort to have a bowel movement or to urinate. |
|
|
|
Damage to the tissues caused by exposure to the sun's rays. |
|
|
|
The first aid provider must not only
identify and treat injury or illness, but must also safely transport the
patient to the veterinary facility for treatment. |
|
|
|
Respiratory distress recognized by
increased effort to breathe; noisy breathing; cyanosis (a bluish tinge
to the lips and mucous membranes); inability to inhale or exhale. |
|
|
|
Many wounds will require pain control
and sedation or general anesthesia for cleaning and closure once your
pet has been evaluated by a veterinarian. |
|
|
|
If you have questions, seek advice from a veterinarian. |
|